Gh. Hassan Bhat
The Group of 20 is an intergovernmental forum of 19 countries plus one European Union. Currently G20 account for more than 80% of worlds GDP, 75% of global trade and 60% of the planets population. This large organization was formed in 1999 to mainly discuss policies and strategies for resolving global and financial crises.
G20 membership with aim and work: it is composed of worlds largest economies both industrialized and developing countries. Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, S. Africa, Turkiyae, UK, USA and European Union. This large premier forum plays an important role in shaping and strengthening global architecture and governance on all major international issues like climate change mitigation and sustainable development, health, agriculture, anti corruption etc.
India’s Presidency: India is currently part of TROIKA comprising Indonesia, India and Brazil all developing nations. On Ist Dec 2022 to Nov 30 2023 India takes over the Presidency of G20 in Bali Indonesia. All the preparations are underway. Almost 200 meetings shall be taking place across the country from Dec 2022 and the first meeting was held in Odipur Rajasthan and this whole process would culminate in Nov 2023 in New Dehli. Notably on this occasion India is inviting different guest countries like Netherlands, Spain, Egypt, UAE, Nigeria, Oman, Bangladesh, Mauritius and Singapur. In addition to this about 14 multilateral organizations including WTO, IMF, ISA, ASEAN, ILO etc. India has released its Logo which mainly draws its inspiration from the vibrant and jubilant colors of Indian Nation Flag (Saffron, White, Green and Blue). It juxtaposes planet earth with a Lotus Indian National Flower that represents hope and growth etc. The theme of G20 2023 is “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” means “One Earth, One Family and One Future” sets the tone for different India’s agenda for the 2023 G20.
Challenges and Opportunities for India:
Opportunities: 1. G20 provides global stage:- The presidency of G20 shall be biggest portrayals of India’s rise at the global stage. She will rise as a strategic global player in terms of various issues world is facing contemporary.
2. Voice of Underdeveloped Asia and Africa: India already positioned itself as a global voice for both the continents, it will tactfully highlight the Taliban takeover in Afghanistan, Cross border terrorism, Armernia and Azerbaijan, middle east crises etc.
3. Act as Interlocutor between Russia and West: India would act as South Asian Interlocutor in bringing Russia and Western leaders together and would try to soothe the bloodshed in Ukraine, if it manages to do so, it will be a diplomatic win for India and for G20 members.
4. Employment and Climate change: G20 can act as a form to exchange experience and societal benefits and growth as India as already its initiatives like “Life Movement and “The One Sun One World One Grid” etc.
5. Various opportunities around science and technology and other sectors like Agriculture, tourism.
Challenges and way forward:
1. Climate change: Funding issues for developing countries to mitigate climate change has been a core issue amongst the Developed Countries and is indeed a challenge to persuade developed countries in this regard. India’s proposal to phase out all fossil fuel including gas and oil is obviously a welcome step. India is also going to push for Green Development Pact. The Sharmul EL Sheikh conference UNFCCC COP27 also witnessed some noteworthy decisions regarding climate issue.
2. China aggression: Hoisting G20 amid current standoff with China on borders particularly in Aurnachal Pradesh and Galvan Ladakh. This border belligerence, South China Sea issue, inclination towards Pakistan and Russia’s close relationship with China is too serious concern to handle.
To deal this all Prime Minster of India during Bali Sumit shake hands with President XI. It is again an opportunity if both the courtiers settle all disputes on table through G20 platform.
3. Easing tension between Russia and Western Countries especially USA and UK. During the current G20 Summit India’s priority would be to pacify the tension between two sides. Dialogue is the only solution to every problem and same applies to Russia and Ukraine.
4. Less Participation of OIC: Only few countries are representing whole Muslim world in this G20 forum and in this case India would be looking forward to strengthen its ties with whole Muslim world. Several fast growing Muslim nations like Malaysia, Kazakhistan, Qatar, UAE, Iran etc. all are having good relationship with India and inviting them too as guest countries would be a positive signal in new geo political scenario of the world.
To conclude with India’s G20 Presidency is an opportunity to reinvigorate, reinvent and re-centre the multilateral order. This summit is not only a presidency; this is actually a new role and responsibility for India. This is the time to show the world a new path of development and create a future for prosperity, peace and economic development. Hon’ble Prime Minster has already said that it is huge opportunity for India and accordingly we should chanalize all our efforts and utilize this opportunity by focusing on global good and welfare especially during this phase of change.
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